X-Ray Focusing: Techniques and Applications

Synchrotron radiation X-ray microfluorescence techniques and biological applications

Synchrotron X-ray imaging systems with fluorescence techniques was developed for biomedical researches in Brazilian Synchrotron Laboratory. An X-ray fluorescence microtomography system was implemented to analyse human prostate and breast samples and an X-ray microfluorescence system was implemented to study bone sites of human and animal samples with and without bone disorders.

From x-ray telescopes to neutron focusing

In the case of neutrons the refractive index is slightly less than unity for most elements and their isotopes. Consequently, thermal and cold neutrons can be reflected from smooth surfaces at grazing-incidence angles. Hence, the optical technologies developed for x-ray astronomy can be applied for neutron focusing. The focusing capabilities of grazing incidence neutron imaging optics have been ...

Focusing x-ray beams to nanometer dimensions.

We address the question: what is the smallest spot size to which an x-ray beam can be focused? We show that confinement of the beam within a narrowly tapered waveguide leads to a theoretical minimum beam size of the order of 10 nm (FWHM), the exact value depending only on the electron density of the confining material. This limit appears to apply to all x-ray focusing devices. Mode mixing and i...

X-ray Techniques: Overview

PXAMS--Projectile X-ray AMS: X-ray Yields and Applications

Characteristic x rays have recently been explored as a method for the detection and identification of ions in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) [H. Artigalas et al., Nucl. Inst. and Meth. B 92, 227 (1994); M. Wagner et al., Nucl. Inst. and Meth. B 89, 266 (1994)]. After analysis in the AMS spectrometer, the ions stop in an appropriately chosen target and the induced x rays identify the ions b...